軸承在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中的檢查項(xiàng)與相關(guān)知識(shí)解釋?zhuān)?/title>
<div align="center"><span style="font-size:14px">作者： 來(lái)源： 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-05-29</span></div>
<p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中的檢查項(xiàng)目有軸承的滾動(dòng)聲、振動(dòng)、溫度、潤(rùn)滑的狀態(tài)等，具體情況如下：</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">一、軸承的滾動(dòng)聲</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">采用測(cè)聲器對(duì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中的軸承的滾動(dòng)聲的大小及音質(zhì)進(jìn)行檢查，軸承即使有輕微的剝離等損傷，也會(huì)發(fā)出異常音和不規(guī)則音，用測(cè)聲器能夠分辨。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">二、軸承的振動(dòng)</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">軸承振動(dòng)對(duì)軸承的損傷很敏感，例如剝落、壓痕、銹蝕、裂紋、磨損等都會(huì)在軸承振動(dòng)測(cè)量中反映出來(lái)，所以，通過(guò)采用特殊的軸承振動(dòng)測(cè)量器（頻率分析器等）可測(cè)量出振動(dòng)的大小，通過(guò)頻率分不可推斷出異常的具體情況。測(cè)得的數(shù)值因軸承的使用條件或傳感器安裝位置等而不同，因此需要事先對(duì)每臺(tái)機(jī)器的測(cè)量值進(jìn)行分析比較后確定判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">三、軸承的溫度</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">軸承的溫度，一般有軸承室外面的溫度就可推測(cè)出來(lái)，如果利用油孔能直接測(cè)量軸承外圈溫度，則更為合適。通常，軸承的溫度隨著運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)始慢慢上升，1-2小時(shí)后達(dá)到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。軸承的正常溫度因機(jī)器的熱容量，散熱量，轉(zhuǎn)速及負(fù)載而不同。如果潤(rùn)滑、安裝不合適，則軸承溫都會(huì)急驟上升，會(huì)出現(xiàn)異常高溫，這時(shí)必須停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，采取必要的防范措施。根據(jù)大量測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)，表4-1列出了各種機(jī)械中軸承工作時(shí)外圈溫度的平均值，以供參考。由于溫度受潤(rùn)滑、轉(zhuǎn)速、負(fù)荷、環(huán)境的影響，表中值只表示大致的溫度范圍。使用熱感器可以隨時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)軸承的工作溫度，并實(shí)現(xiàn)溫度超過(guò)規(guī)定值時(shí)自動(dòng)報(bào)警戶(hù)或停止防止燃軸事故發(fā)生。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">四、潤(rùn)滑</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（一）軸承潤(rùn)滑的作用</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">潤(rùn)滑對(duì)滾動(dòng)軸承的疲勞壽命和摩擦、磨損、溫升、振動(dòng)等有重要影響，沒(méi)有正常的潤(rùn)滑，軸承就不能工作。分析軸承損壞的原因表明，40%左右的軸承損壞都與潤(rùn)滑不良有關(guān)。因此，軸承的良好潤(rùn)滑是減小軸承摩擦和磨損的有效措施。除此之外，軸承的潤(rùn)滑還有散熱，防銹、密封、緩和沖擊等多種作用，軸承潤(rùn)滑的作用可以簡(jiǎn)要地說(shuō)明如下<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(104, 104, 104); font-family: 宋體; font-size: 12px; line-height: 25px;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">a. 在相互接觸的二滾動(dòng)表面或滑動(dòng)表面之間形成一層油膜把二表面隔開(kāi)，減少接觸表面的摩擦和磨損。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">b. 采用油潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，特別是采用循環(huán)油潤(rùn)滑、油霧潤(rùn)滑和噴油潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，潤(rùn)滑油能帶走軸承內(nèi)部的大部分摩擦熱，起到有效的散熱作用。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">c. 采用脂潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，可以防止外部的灰塵等異物進(jìn)入軸承，起到封閉作用。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">d. 潤(rùn)滑劑都有防止金屬銹蝕的作用。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">e. 延長(zhǎng)軸承的疲勞壽命。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（二）脂潤(rùn)滑和油潤(rùn)滑的比較</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">軸承的潤(rùn)滑方法大致分為脂潤(rùn)滑和油潤(rùn)滑兩種。為了充分發(fā)揮軸承的功能，重要的是根據(jù)使用調(diào)減和使用目的，采用潤(rùn)滑方法。表4-2示出脂潤(rùn)滑和油潤(rùn)滑的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（三）脂潤(rùn)滑</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">潤(rùn)滑脂是由基礎(chǔ)油，增稠劑及添加劑組成的潤(rùn)滑劑。當(dāng)選擇時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇非常適合于軸承使用條件的潤(rùn)油脂，由于商標(biāo)不同，在性能上也將會(huì)有很大的差別，所以在選擇的時(shí)候，必須注意。軸承常用的潤(rùn)滑脂有鈣基潤(rùn)滑脂、鈉基潤(rùn)滑脂、鈣鈉基潤(rùn)滑脂、鋰基潤(rùn)滑脂、鋁基潤(rùn)滑脂和二硫化鉬潤(rùn)滑脂等。軸承中充填潤(rùn)滑脂的數(shù)量，以充滿(mǎn)軸承內(nèi)部空間的1/2-1/3為適宜。高速時(shí)應(yīng)減少至1/3。過(guò)多的潤(rùn)滑脂使溫度升高。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（四）潤(rùn)滑脂的選擇</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">按照工作溫度選擇潤(rùn)滑脂時(shí)，主要指標(biāo)應(yīng)是滴點(diǎn)，氧化安定性和低溫性能，滴點(diǎn)一般可用來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)高溫性能，軸承實(shí)際工作溫度應(yīng)低于滴點(diǎn)10-20℃。合成潤(rùn)滑脂的使用溫度應(yīng)低于滴點(diǎn)20-30℃。根據(jù)軸承負(fù)荷選擇潤(rùn)滑脂時(shí)，對(duì)重負(fù)荷應(yīng)選針入度小的潤(rùn)滑脂。在高壓下工作時(shí)除針入度小外，還要有較高的油膜強(qiáng)度和極壓性能。根據(jù)環(huán)境條件選擇潤(rùn)滑脂時(shí)，鈣基潤(rùn)滑脂不易溶于水，適于干燥和水分較少的環(huán)境。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（五）油潤(rùn)滑在高速、高溫的條件下，脂潤(rùn)滑已不適應(yīng)時(shí)可采用油潤(rùn)滑。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">通過(guò)潤(rùn)滑油的循環(huán)，可以帶走大量熱量。粘度是潤(rùn)滑油的重要特性，粘度的大小直接影響潤(rùn)滑油的流動(dòng)性及摩擦面間形成的油膜厚度，軸承工作溫度下潤(rùn)滑油的粘度一般是12-15cst。轉(zhuǎn)速愈高應(yīng)選較低的粘度，負(fù)荷愈重應(yīng)選較高的粘度。常用的潤(rùn)滑油有機(jī)械油、高速機(jī)械油、汽輪機(jī)油、壓縮機(jī)油、變壓器油、氣缸油等。 油潤(rùn)滑方法包括：</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">a. 油浴潤(rùn)滑 油浴潤(rùn)滑是最普通的潤(rùn)滑方法，適于低、中速軸承的潤(rùn)滑，軸承一部分浸在由槽中，潤(rùn)滑油由旋轉(zhuǎn)的軸承零件帶起，然后又流回油槽油面應(yīng)稍低于最低滾動(dòng)體的中心。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">b. 滴油潤(rùn)滑 滴油潤(rùn)滑適于需要定量供應(yīng)潤(rùn)滑油得軸承部件，滴油量一般每3-8秒一滴為宜，過(guò)多的油量將引起軸承溫度增高。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">c. 循環(huán)油潤(rùn)滑 用油泵將過(guò)濾的油輸送到軸承部件中，通過(guò)軸承后的潤(rùn)滑油再過(guò)濾冷卻后使用。由于循環(huán)油可帶走一定的熱量，使軸承降溫，故此法適用于轉(zhuǎn)速較高的軸承部件。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">d. 噴霧潤(rùn)滑 用干燥的壓縮空氣經(jīng)噴霧器與潤(rùn)滑油混合形成油霧，噴射軸承中，氣流可有效地使軸承降溫并能防止雜質(zhì)侵入。此法適于高速、高溫軸承部件的潤(rùn)滑。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">e.噴射潤(rùn)滑用油泵將高壓油經(jīng)噴嘴射到軸承中，射入軸承中的油經(jīng)軸承另一端流入油槽。在軸承高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，滾動(dòng)體和保持架也以相當(dāng)高的旋轉(zhuǎn)速度使周?chē)諝庑纬蓺饬鳎靡话銤?rùn)滑方法很難將潤(rùn)滑油送到軸承中，這時(shí)必須用高壓噴射的方法將潤(rùn)滑油噴至軸承中，噴嘴的位置應(yīng)放在內(nèi)圈和保持架中心之間。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（六）固體潤(rùn)滑</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">在一些特殊使用條件下，將少量固體潤(rùn)滑劑加入潤(rùn)滑脂中，如加入3~5%的1號(hào)二硫化鉬可減少磨損，提高抗壓耐熱能力，對(duì)于高溫、高雅、高真空、耐腐蝕、抗輻射，以及極低溫等特殊條件，把固體潤(rùn)滑劑加入工程塑料或粉末冶金材料中，可制成具有自潤(rùn)滑性能的軸承零件，如用粘結(jié)劑將固體潤(rùn)滑劑粘結(jié)在滾道、保持架和滾動(dòng)體上，形成潤(rùn)滑薄膜，對(duì)減少摩擦和磨損有一定效果。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（七）潤(rùn)滑劑的補(bǔ)充與更</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px;"></span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(104, 104, 104); font-family: 宋體; font-size: 12px; line-height: 25px;"/><span style="font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25px;"></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">a. 潤(rùn)滑脂的補(bǔ)充間隔時(shí)間由于機(jī)械作用，老化及污染的增加，軸承配置中所填的潤(rùn)滑基將逐漸失去其潤(rùn)滑性能。因此，對(duì)潤(rùn)滑秩需不斷補(bǔ)充和更新。潤(rùn)滑劑補(bǔ)充的間隔時(shí)間會(huì)因軸承的形成、尺寸和轉(zhuǎn)速等而不同，根據(jù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間需要補(bǔ)充潤(rùn)滑脂的大致間隔時(shí)間。另外，當(dāng)軸承溫度超過(guò)70℃的情況下，軸承溫度每上升15℃，就要使用潤(rùn)滑脂的補(bǔ)充間隔時(shí)間減少一半。雙面封閉軸承在制造時(shí)已經(jīng)裝入脂，“HRB”在這些產(chǎn)品中使用的是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)潤(rùn)滑脂，共運(yùn)行溫度范圍和其他性能適宜于所規(guī)定的場(chǎng)合，且填脂量也與軸承大小相應(yīng)，脂的使用壽命一般可超過(guò)軸承壽命，除特殊場(chǎng)合，不需補(bǔ)充潤(rùn)滑脂。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; white-space: normal; font-size: 17.1429px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">b. 潤(rùn)滑油的更換周期 潤(rùn)滑油的更換周期因使用條件和油量等不同，一般情況下，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)溫度為50℃以下，灰塵少的良好環(huán)境下使用時(shí)，一年更換一次，當(dāng)油溫達(dá)到100℃時(shí)，要3個(gè)月或更短時(shí)間更換一次。</span></p><p><span style="line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋體, SimSun; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p> </div>
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